Cały proces jest prosty i składa się z zaledwie kilku kroków. Pierwszy to wybór lokalizacji i konkretnego mieszkania w abonamencie na stronie r4r.pl. Następnie musicie zarezerwować lokal online lub skontaktować się telefonicznie z obsługą. Po umówieniu podpisujecie umowę – bez prowizji i długoterminowych zobowiązań – a następnie wprowadzacie się, zarządzając wszystkim przez dedykowaną aplikację. Krochmalnej w Lublinie powstanie niemal 390 mieszkań na wynajem i ponad 20 lokali usłu… Wspólna infrastruktura sztucznej inteligencji w sektorze bankowym to ambitny projekt, który w przyszłości (potencjalnie) mógłby obniżyć koszty korzystania z niej.

Pokoje Od Zaraz Pierwszy Lokator Bez Prowizji Miesiąc gratis

Wynajem mieszkania Wrocław to propozycja dla wszystkich, którzy cenią sobie wygodę i korzystanie z lokalu na przejrzystych zasadach. Z takiej oferty warto skorzystać zwłaszcza, jeśli nie chcecie kupować mebli ani załatwiać formalności z dostawcami mediów. Dostępne są mieszkania w nowoczesnych budynkach z windą, monitoringiem, parkingiem oraz wsparciem obsługi technicznej. W ramach najnowszej inwestycji Resi4Rent powiększyło osiedle Wrocław Jaworska, rozpoznawalne m.in. Za sprawą największego na Dolnym Śląsku botanicznego muralu, który zdobi jedną z elewacji.

APA Wojciechowski startuje z nowym projektem

Współpraca zakłada budowę sieci nowoczesnych centrów danych w Europie. Osiedle znajduje się tuż obok Dolnośląskiej Szkoły Wyższej, w otoczeniu Agenci ATC broker Forex-przegląd i informacje brokerzy ATC zielonych terenów, idealnych na wycieczki rowerowe i spacery. W sąsiedztwie inwestycji działają liczne sklepy, a także jedna z największych galerii handlowych w mieście.

Drugi budynek wyróżni się z kolei roślinnością, która pokryje połowę jednej ze ścian obiektu. Ponad 300 mieszkań w odległości 10 minut spacerem od centrum miasta, u zbiegu ulic Zakładowej i Słonimskiego, nad brzegiem Odry. Gotowe do zamieszkania już w drugim kwartale 2019 r.

• Echo Investment podpisało ostateczną umowę sprzedaży budynku Brain Park C. Najnowszy etap krakowskiego kompleksu biurowego nabyła firma inwestycyjna Greenstone Asset Management.
• Polska jest jednym z pięciu największych rynków akademickich w Europie.
• Dziś firma współpracuje już z 14 funduszami nieruchomości.
• Change Studio otworzyło swoją drugą lokalizację w Warszawie w biurowcu Office House będącym częścią wielofunkcyjnego projektu Towarowa22.
• – Bieżący rok to rekordowo intensywny czas rozwoju platformy Resi4Rent w całej Polsce.

Szwedzkiej w Warszawie, uzyskał pozwolenie na użytkowanie. Tym samym zakończono realizację kompleksu Bohema – Strefa Praga, który przywrócił do życia historyczny fragment stołecznej Pragi. Platforma prywatnych akademików, stworzona przez Signal Opcje binarne strategia Trading Stoclye z I-High Low Middle Capital Partners, Griffin Capital Partners oraz Echo Investment, rozpoczęła budowę nowego akademika w Warszawie przy ul. Ośmiokondygnacyjny budynek, którego otwarcie planowane jest na październik 2026 roku, dostarczy ponad 500 miejsc noclegowych na warszawski rynek PBSA. Nowoczesny budynek biurowy w Warszawie zmienił swoją funkcję. W dawnym Lipowy Office Park od września działa akademik Shed Sky Living, należący do litewskiego inwestora 1 Asset Management.

W nowo oddanym budynku znajdują się lokale o powierzchni od 23 do 52 mkw., w pełni wyposażone i zaprojektowane pod aktualne wymagania rynku. Wszystkie łączy komfort i nowoczesna architektura. W ofercie najmu są mieszkania od kawalerek po lokale trzypokojowe o powierzchni od 24 do 50 mkw.

Jawne ceny nie spadają

W tym roku w tym sektorze do użytku oddanych zostało 36 nieruchomości, z czego 33 stanowiły parki handlowe – wynika z danych CBRE. Cavatina Group planuje dalszy Co przedsiębiorcy mówią o brokerze MaxiMarkets rozwój swojego portfolio projektów mieszkaniowych prowadzonych w ramach Resi Capital. Grupa jeszcze w tym roku zamierza przeznaczyć 150 mln zł na działki w Warszawie, Krakowie i Trójmieście. Centrum handlowe Biała w Białymstoku rozszerza ofertę najemców.

Zarządzanie nieruchomościami

Dla Echo Investment wejście w segment mieszkań na wynajem to możliwość znaczącego zwiększenia skali działania w sektorze mieszkaniowym. Co więcej, Resi4Rent wzbogaci nasze flagowe i miastotwórcze projekty wielofunkcyjne, jak m.in. Browary Warszawskie, poprzez promowanie miejskiego stylu życia i tworzenie wokół nich lokalnych społeczności.

Studio Pets Friendly Bezpośrednio OD ZARAZ ->4 TYG GRATIS

Lubelskiej w Lubartowie otwarto pierwszy w mieście salon sieci RTV Euro AGD. Zakończyła się budowa biurowca Stella przy ul. Nieruchomość należąca do Grupy Zasada uzyskała właśnie pozwolenie na użytkowanie. Inwestorem jest SIM KZN Łódzkie Centrum z siedzibą w Tomaszowie Mazowieckim. Słowackiego 12 w Warszawie powstają mieszkania na wynajem instytucjonalny. Z wielką dbałością zaprojektowano miejsce, gdzie harmonijnie współistnieją architektura historyczna i nowoczesna, przestrzenie prywatne i publiczne, zieleń i zabudowania.

Inwestorem jest SIM KZN Łódzkie Centrum z siedzibą w To … Dla pasażerów jest już dostępny nowy dworzec Łódź Kaliska. Realizacja inwestycji trwała nieco ponad dwa lata i kosztowała 64 mln zł brutto. Novotel, należący do globalnego portfolio Accor, kontynuuje swoją ekspansję w Europie Południowo-Wschodniej.

Polska Studenci przejęli Lipowy Office Park

Gdzie wygodnie się mieszka, pracuje i miło spędza czas. Według najnowszych badań Property Index firmy Deloitte, tylko nieco ponad 15% Polaków wynajmuje mieszkanie, co jest znacznie niższym wskaźnikiem niż średnia w Europie. Przykładowo 23% Czechów, 24% Brytyjczyków, 30% Austriaków czy 54% Niemców mieszka w wynajmowanym lokum. Jak pokazuje przygotowany przez Cushman & Wakefield raport «Quo Vadis E-commerce», przyszłość retailu nie leży w wyborze jednego modelu, lecz w ich in …

• Wspólna infrastruktura sztucznej inteligencji w sektorze bankowym to ambitny projekt, który w przyszłości (potencjalnie) mógłby obniżyć koszty korzystania z niej.
• Cztery hektary przestrzeni zaprojek …
• Zapał flipperów studzi stabilizacja cen.
• W ramach najnowszej inwestycji Resi4Rent powiększyło osiedle Wrocław Jaworska, rozpoznawalne m.in.
• Sprawdźcie aktualne oferty na r4r.pl i przekonajcie się, że można mieszkać bez komplikacji – łatwo i wygodnie.
• Budynek Warzelni, będący ostatnim etapem wieloletniej rewitalizacji dawnych terenów fabrycznych przy ul.

Firma transportowa, świadcząca zintegrowane usługi logistyczne dla chińskich klientów, wynajęła 4,1 tys. Nowoczesnej powierzchni magazynowej w ramach MLP Wrocław. Marka Flying Tiger Copenhagen otworzyła swoją kolejną placówkę. Nowy sklep sieci powstał na poziomie 0 we wrocławskiej Galerii Sky Tower.

Jak wynika z danych CBRE, w III kwartale 2025 roku w Warszawie deweloperzy sprzedali więcej lokali, niż wprowadzili na rynek. Hillwood Polska sfinalizował transakcję finansowania z BNP Paribas Bank Polska, dotyczącą parku logistycznego Hillwood Grodzisk Mazowiecki. Łączna kwota kredytu wynosi 25,5 mln euro. Wrocław po raz kolejny potwierdził swoją rolę jednego z ważnych ośrodków gospodarczych w Polsce. Change Studio otworzyło swoją drugą lokalizację w Warszawie w biurowcu Office House będącym częścią wielofunkcyjnego projektu Towarowa22. Nowoczesne studio fitness zajmuje ponad 900 mkw.

Parkom handlowym, centrom danych i rynkowi PBSA. Zastanawiamy się też, czy po okresie spowolnienia … W Mysłowicach otwarto Logicor Serenity Park, pierwszy w Polsce ogólnodostępny zielony park w centrum logistycznym. Cztery hektary przestrzeni zaprojek … Doki przeładunkowe – kluczowy element infrastruktury każdej hali magazynowej i centrum logistycznego – znalazły się w centrum sporu o podatek od nieruchomości. Budynek Warzelni, będący ostatnim etapem wieloletniej rewitalizacji dawnych terenów fabrycznych przy ul.

Regression is a statistical method that tries to determine the strength and character of the relationship between one dependent variable and a series of other variables. Here we have a multiple linear regression that relates some variable Y with two explanatory variables X1 and X2. We would interpret the model as the value of Y changes by 3.2× for every one-unit change in X1.

How Regression Works

Beta is the stock’s risk in relation to the market or index, and it’s reflected as the slope in the CAPM. The return for the stock in question would be the dependent variable Y. It establishes the linear relationship between two variables and is also referred to as simple regression or ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. Before you attempt to perform linear regression, you need to make sure that your data can be analyzed using this procedure. Some types of regression analysis are more suited to handle complex datasets than others.

Random forest regression can effectively handle the interaction between these features and provide accurate sales forecasts while mitigating the risk of overfitting. However, unlike ridge regression, lasso regression adds a penalty term that forces some coefficient estimates to be exactly zero. Regression models are suitable for predicting continuous target variables, such as sales revenue or temperature. Regression in statistics is a powerful tool for analyzing relationships between variables.

This calculator is built for simple linear regression, where only one predictor variable (X) and one response (Y) are used. Using our calculator is as simple as copying and pasting the corresponding X and Y values into the table (don’t forget to add labels for the variable names). Below the calculator we include resources for learning more about the assumptions and interpretation of linear regression. Similar to ridge regression, lasso regression is a regularization technique used to prevent overfitting in linear regression models. You can have several independent variables in an analysis, such as changes to GDP and inflation in addition to unemployment in explaining stock market prices. It’s referred to as multiple linear regression when more than one independent variable is used.

Ridge Regression

• Here Y is called a dependent or target variable and X is called an independent variable also known as the predictor of Y.
• Data scientists first train the algorithm on known or labeled datasets and then use the algorithm to predict unknown values.
• We would interpret the model as the value of Y changes by 3.2× for every one-unit change in X1.
• The goal of the algorithm is to find the best Fit Line equation that can predict the values based on the independent variables.
• The prediction is a value between 0 and 1, where 0 indicates an event that is unlikely to happen, and 1 indicates a maximum likelihood that it will happen.
• Regression models can vary in complexity, from simple linear to complex nonlinear models, depending on the relationship between variables.

Linear regression analysis is used to predict the value of a variable based on the value of another variable. The variable you are using to predict the other variable’s value is called the independent variable. Graphing techniques like Q-Q plots determine whether the residuals are normally distributed.

Python and R are both powerful coding languages that have become popular for all types of financial modeling, including regression. These techniques form a core part of data science and machine learning, where models are trained to detect these relationships in data. It’s a powerful tool for uncovering the associations between variables observed in data, but it can’t easily indicate causation. A residual is the difference between the observed data and the predicted value. For example, you don’t want the residuals to grow larger with time. You can use different mathematical tests, like the Durbin-Watson test, to determine residual independence.

Calculating linear regression

While it is possible to calculate linear regression by hand, it involves a lot of sums and squares, not to mention sums of squares! So if you’re asking how to find linear regression coefficients or how to find the least squares regression line, the best answer is to use software that does it for you. Linear regression calculators determine the line-of-best-fit by minimizing the sum of squared error terms (the squared difference between the data points and the line).

Linear Regression

They’re named after the professors who developed the multiple linear regression model to better explain asset returns. Multiple regression involves predicting the value of a dependent variable based on two or more independent variables. Lasso Regression regresion y clasificacion is a technique used for regularizing a linear regression model, it adds a penalty term to the linear regression objective function to prevent overfitting. Here Y is called a dependent or target variable and X is called an independent variable also known as the predictor of Y. There are many types of functions or modules that can be used for regression.

ExamplePredicting house prices based on square footage, number of bedrooms, and location. The linear regression model estimates the coefficients for each independent variable to create a linear equation for predicting house prices. SPSS Statistics can be leveraged in techniques such as simple linear regression and multiple linear regression.

Residual independence

Use the goodness of fit section to learn how close the relationship is. R-square quantifies the percentage of variation in Y that can be explained by its value of X. Econometrics is sometimes criticized for relying too heavily on the interpretation of regression output without linking it to economic theory or looking for causal mechanisms. It’s crucial that the findings revealed in the data can be adequately explained by a theory. Regression as a statistical technique shouldn’t be confused with the concept of regression to the mean, also known as mean reversion.

• The Linear Regression calculator provides a generic graph of your data and the regression line.
• Polynomial regression extends linear regression by fitting a polynomial function to the data instead of a straight line.
• Scientists in many fields, including biology and the behavioral, environmental, and social sciences, use linear regression to conduct preliminary data analysis and predict future trends.
• Our guide can help you learn more about interpreting regression slopes, intercepts, and confidence intervals.
• A polynomial regression model could fit a curve to the data points, providing a better trajectory estimation than a linear model.

Also read Decision Tree Algorithm Explained with Examples to gain insights into how decision trees work in real-world scenarios. Take your learning and productivity to the next level with our Premium Templates. Regression analysis offers numerous applications in various disciplines, including finance.

This model endeavors to fit the data with the optimal hyper-plane that passes through the data points. It is not sensitive to the outliers as we consider absolute differences. Reinvent critical workflows and operations by adding AI to maximize experiences, real-time decision-making and business value. Support vector regression is an algorithm based on support vector machines (SVMs).

Cały proces jest prosty i składa się z zaledwie kilku kroków. Pierwszy to wybór lokalizacji i konkretnego mieszkania w abonamencie na stronie r4r.pl. Następnie musicie zarezerwować lokal online lub skontaktować się telefonicznie z obsługą. Po umówieniu podpisujecie umowę – bez prowizji i długoterminowych zobowiązań – a następnie wprowadzacie się, zarządzając wszystkim przez dedykowaną aplikację. Krochmalnej w Lublinie powstanie niemal 390 mieszkań na wynajem i ponad 20 lokali usłu… Wspólna infrastruktura sztucznej inteligencji w sektorze bankowym to ambitny projekt, który w przyszłości (potencjalnie) mógłby obniżyć koszty korzystania z niej.

Pokoje Od Zaraz Pierwszy Lokator Bez Prowizji Miesiąc gratis

Wynajem mieszkania Wrocław to propozycja dla wszystkich, którzy cenią sobie wygodę i korzystanie z lokalu na przejrzystych zasadach. Z takiej oferty warto skorzystać zwłaszcza, jeśli nie chcecie kupować mebli ani załatwiać formalności z dostawcami mediów. Dostępne są mieszkania w nowoczesnych budynkach z windą, monitoringiem, parkingiem oraz wsparciem obsługi technicznej. W ramach najnowszej inwestycji Resi4Rent powiększyło osiedle Wrocław Jaworska, rozpoznawalne m.in. Za sprawą największego na Dolnym Śląsku botanicznego muralu, który zdobi jedną z elewacji.

APA Wojciechowski startuje z nowym projektem

Współpraca zakłada budowę sieci nowoczesnych centrów danych w Europie. Osiedle znajduje się tuż obok Dolnośląskiej Szkoły Wyższej, w otoczeniu Agenci ATC broker Forex-przegląd i informacje brokerzy ATC zielonych terenów, idealnych na wycieczki rowerowe i spacery. W sąsiedztwie inwestycji działają liczne sklepy, a także jedna z największych galerii handlowych w mieście.

Drugi budynek wyróżni się z kolei roślinnością, która pokryje połowę jednej ze ścian obiektu. Ponad 300 mieszkań w odległości 10 minut spacerem od centrum miasta, u zbiegu ulic Zakładowej i Słonimskiego, nad brzegiem Odry. Gotowe do zamieszkania już w drugim kwartale 2019 r.

• Echo Investment podpisało ostateczną umowę sprzedaży budynku Brain Park C. Najnowszy etap krakowskiego kompleksu biurowego nabyła firma inwestycyjna Greenstone Asset Management.
• Polska jest jednym z pięciu największych rynków akademickich w Europie.
• Dziś firma współpracuje już z 14 funduszami nieruchomości.
• Change Studio otworzyło swoją drugą lokalizację w Warszawie w biurowcu Office House będącym częścią wielofunkcyjnego projektu Towarowa22.
• – Bieżący rok to rekordowo intensywny czas rozwoju platformy Resi4Rent w całej Polsce.

Szwedzkiej w Warszawie, uzyskał pozwolenie na użytkowanie. Tym samym zakończono realizację kompleksu Bohema – Strefa Praga, który przywrócił do życia historyczny fragment stołecznej Pragi. Platforma prywatnych akademików, stworzona przez Signal Opcje binarne strategia Trading Stoclye z I-High Low Middle Capital Partners, Griffin Capital Partners oraz Echo Investment, rozpoczęła budowę nowego akademika w Warszawie przy ul. Ośmiokondygnacyjny budynek, którego otwarcie planowane jest na październik 2026 roku, dostarczy ponad 500 miejsc noclegowych na warszawski rynek PBSA. Nowoczesny budynek biurowy w Warszawie zmienił swoją funkcję. W dawnym Lipowy Office Park od września działa akademik Shed Sky Living, należący do litewskiego inwestora 1 Asset Management.

W nowo oddanym budynku znajdują się lokale o powierzchni od 23 do 52 mkw., w pełni wyposażone i zaprojektowane pod aktualne wymagania rynku. Wszystkie łączy komfort i nowoczesna architektura. W ofercie najmu są mieszkania od kawalerek po lokale trzypokojowe o powierzchni od 24 do 50 mkw.

Jawne ceny nie spadają

W tym roku w tym sektorze do użytku oddanych zostało 36 nieruchomości, z czego 33 stanowiły parki handlowe – wynika z danych CBRE. Cavatina Group planuje dalszy Co przedsiębiorcy mówią o brokerze MaxiMarkets rozwój swojego portfolio projektów mieszkaniowych prowadzonych w ramach Resi Capital. Grupa jeszcze w tym roku zamierza przeznaczyć 150 mln zł na działki w Warszawie, Krakowie i Trójmieście. Centrum handlowe Biała w Białymstoku rozszerza ofertę najemców.

Zarządzanie nieruchomościami

Dla Echo Investment wejście w segment mieszkań na wynajem to możliwość znaczącego zwiększenia skali działania w sektorze mieszkaniowym. Co więcej, Resi4Rent wzbogaci nasze flagowe i miastotwórcze projekty wielofunkcyjne, jak m.in. Browary Warszawskie, poprzez promowanie miejskiego stylu życia i tworzenie wokół nich lokalnych społeczności.

Studio Pets Friendly Bezpośrednio OD ZARAZ ->4 TYG GRATIS

Lubelskiej w Lubartowie otwarto pierwszy w mieście salon sieci RTV Euro AGD. Zakończyła się budowa biurowca Stella przy ul. Nieruchomość należąca do Grupy Zasada uzyskała właśnie pozwolenie na użytkowanie. Inwestorem jest SIM KZN Łódzkie Centrum z siedzibą w Tomaszowie Mazowieckim. Słowackiego 12 w Warszawie powstają mieszkania na wynajem instytucjonalny. Z wielką dbałością zaprojektowano miejsce, gdzie harmonijnie współistnieją architektura historyczna i nowoczesna, przestrzenie prywatne i publiczne, zieleń i zabudowania.

Inwestorem jest SIM KZN Łódzkie Centrum z siedzibą w To … Dla pasażerów jest już dostępny nowy dworzec Łódź Kaliska. Realizacja inwestycji trwała nieco ponad dwa lata i kosztowała 64 mln zł brutto. Novotel, należący do globalnego portfolio Accor, kontynuuje swoją ekspansję w Europie Południowo-Wschodniej.

Polska Studenci przejęli Lipowy Office Park

Gdzie wygodnie się mieszka, pracuje i miło spędza czas. Według najnowszych badań Property Index firmy Deloitte, tylko nieco ponad 15% Polaków wynajmuje mieszkanie, co jest znacznie niższym wskaźnikiem niż średnia w Europie. Przykładowo 23% Czechów, 24% Brytyjczyków, 30% Austriaków czy 54% Niemców mieszka w wynajmowanym lokum. Jak pokazuje przygotowany przez Cushman & Wakefield raport «Quo Vadis E-commerce», przyszłość retailu nie leży w wyborze jednego modelu, lecz w ich in …

• Wspólna infrastruktura sztucznej inteligencji w sektorze bankowym to ambitny projekt, który w przyszłości (potencjalnie) mógłby obniżyć koszty korzystania z niej.
• Cztery hektary przestrzeni zaprojek …
• Zapał flipperów studzi stabilizacja cen.
• W ramach najnowszej inwestycji Resi4Rent powiększyło osiedle Wrocław Jaworska, rozpoznawalne m.in.
• Sprawdźcie aktualne oferty na r4r.pl i przekonajcie się, że można mieszkać bez komplikacji – łatwo i wygodnie.
• Budynek Warzelni, będący ostatnim etapem wieloletniej rewitalizacji dawnych terenów fabrycznych przy ul.

Firma transportowa, świadcząca zintegrowane usługi logistyczne dla chińskich klientów, wynajęła 4,1 tys. Nowoczesnej powierzchni magazynowej w ramach MLP Wrocław. Marka Flying Tiger Copenhagen otworzyła swoją kolejną placówkę. Nowy sklep sieci powstał na poziomie 0 we wrocławskiej Galerii Sky Tower.

Jak wynika z danych CBRE, w III kwartale 2025 roku w Warszawie deweloperzy sprzedali więcej lokali, niż wprowadzili na rynek. Hillwood Polska sfinalizował transakcję finansowania z BNP Paribas Bank Polska, dotyczącą parku logistycznego Hillwood Grodzisk Mazowiecki. Łączna kwota kredytu wynosi 25,5 mln euro. Wrocław po raz kolejny potwierdził swoją rolę jednego z ważnych ośrodków gospodarczych w Polsce. Change Studio otworzyło swoją drugą lokalizację w Warszawie w biurowcu Office House będącym częścią wielofunkcyjnego projektu Towarowa22. Nowoczesne studio fitness zajmuje ponad 900 mkw.

Parkom handlowym, centrom danych i rynkowi PBSA. Zastanawiamy się też, czy po okresie spowolnienia … W Mysłowicach otwarto Logicor Serenity Park, pierwszy w Polsce ogólnodostępny zielony park w centrum logistycznym. Cztery hektary przestrzeni zaprojek … Doki przeładunkowe – kluczowy element infrastruktury każdej hali magazynowej i centrum logistycznego – znalazły się w centrum sporu o podatek od nieruchomości. Budynek Warzelni, będący ostatnim etapem wieloletniej rewitalizacji dawnych terenów fabrycznych przy ul.

By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge you have read our privacy policy. Pseudocode is an informal high-level description of the operating principle of a computer program or other algorithm.

Iterating over dictionaries using ‘for’ loops

This is amazingly handy, so Python 3 extends the feature by allowing you to attach metadata to functions describing their parameters and return values. For example, if you’re writing a library, it’s a very good practice to make a base exception class for your module, and then have custom sub-exceptions to be more specific. This is useful if you need to perform some actions after catching the exception and then want to re-raise it. But if there wasn’t any exception before, the raise statement raises a TypeError Exception.

Note that with this approach, your key will need to follow the rules of valid identifier names in Python. So we see that using the subscript notation is actually much faster than using __setitem__. Doing the Pythonic thing, that is, using the language in the way it was intended to be used, usually is python linear programming both more readable and computationally efficient. Yes it is possible, and it does have a method that implements this, but you don’t want to use it directly. It’s important to keep using urllib as it makes sense when working with small container images where pip might not be installed, yet.

• For when to use for key in dict and when it must be for key in dict.keys() see David Goodger’s Idiomatic Python article (archived copy).
• Notice that you can raise exceptions with or without arguments.
• In Python 3, dict.iterkeys(), dict.itervalues() and dict.iteritems() are no longer supported.
• Note that the parentheses around the key, value are important, without them, you’d get an ValueError «not enough values to unpack».

But in my windows system, where the code works without any issue, openssl version is OpenSSL 1.1.1k 25 Mar 2021. Simply put, the ++ and — operators don’t exist in Python because they wouldn’t be operators, they would have to be statements. All namespace modification in Python is a statement, for simplicity and consistency. And because integers are immutable, the only way to ‘change’ a variable is by reassigning it.

Note that the parentheses around the key, value are important, without them, you’d get an ValueError «not enough values to unpack». Take a look at Behaviour of increment and decrement operators in Python for an explanation of why this doesn’t work. The left part may be false, but the right part is true (Python has «truth-y» and «fals-y» values), so the check always succeeds. Beside the first the others have no typing meaning; but it still is valid syntax to hide a lambda definition in the return signature of a function. Note the differences in brace usage and assignment operator. To translate this pseudocode into Python you would need to know the data structures being referenced, and a bit more of the algorithm implementation.

You can preserve the stacktrace (and error value) with sys.exc_info(), but this is way more error prone and has compatibility problems between Python 2 and 3, prefer to use a bare raise to re-raise. If you want to add a dictionary within a dictionary you can do it this way. My main complaint with import urllib.request is that you can still reference urllib.parse even though it isn’t imported. In this particular case with urllib package, the second way import urllib.request and use of urllib.request is how standard library uniformly uses it.

How do I manually throw/raise an exception in Python?

If you use raise exception (args) to raise an exception then the args will be printed when you print the exception object – as shown in the example below. If you’re not joining two dictionaries, but adding new key-value pairs to a dictionary, then using the subscript notation seems like the best way. To add or modify a single element, the b dictionary would contain only that one element… This popular question addresses functional methods of merging dictionaries a and b. Let’s pretend you want to live in the immutable world and do not want to modify the original but want to create a new dict that is the result of adding a new key to the original. If the word key is just a variable, as you have mentioned then the main thing to note is that when you run a ‘FOR LOOP’ over a dictionary it runs through only the ‘keys’ and ignores the ‘values’.

Creating an empty dictionary

If you want to loop over a dictionary and modify it in iteration (perhaps add/delete a key), in Python 2, it was possible by looping over my_dict.keys(). I prefer functions with clear names to operators with non-always clear semantics (hence the classic interview question about ++x vs. x++ and the difficulties of overloading it). I’ve also never been a huge fan of what post-incrementation does for readability. The assert keyword raises an AssertionError if the condition is False. In this case, we specified False directly, so it raises the error, but to have it have a text we want it to raise to, we add a comma and specify the error text we want. In this case, I wrote Manually raised error and this raises it with that text.

It would create a runtime error because you are changing the keys while the program is running. If you are absolutely set on reducing time, use the for key in my_dict way, but you have been warned. When an iterator is exhausted, it raises StopIteration.

However the absence of this operator is in the python philosophy increases consistency and avoids implicitness. Although this function is quite useless, and should never be used in production code, it can still crash the python interpriter. Read the existing answers first, this is just an addendum. Replace Exception with the specific type of exception you want to throw. And we have preserved the whole traceback while modifying the args. Note that this is not a best practice and it is invalid syntax in Python 3 (making keeping compatibility much harder to work around).

This is particularly useful if you are working with dictionaries that always consist of the same data types or structures, for example a dictionary of lists. I faced the same issue with Ubuntu 20.4 and have tried many solutions but nothing worked out. Even after update and upgrade, the openssl version showed OpenSSL 1.1.1h 22 Sep 2020.

Adding keys to dictionary without using add

Notice that you can raise exceptions with or without arguments. See the raise statement documentation for Python if you’d like more information. However, if you’d like to add, for example, thousands of new key-value pairs, you should consider using the update() method. For when to use for key in dict and when it must be for key in dict.keys() see David Goodger’s Idiomatic Python article (archived copy). In Python 3, dict.iterkeys(), dict.itervalues() and dict.iteritems() are no longer supported. Use dict.keys(), dict.values() and dict.items() instead.

• If the word key is just a variable, as you have mentioned then the main thing to note is that when you run a ‘FOR LOOP’ over a dictionary it runs through only the ‘keys’ and ignores the ‘values’.
• And if namewas already defined, it is replaced by the new version.
• By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge you have read our privacy policy.
• Read the existing answers first, this is just an addendum.
• Even after update and upgrade, the openssl version showed OpenSSL 1.1.1h 22 Sep 2020.

This is how Python knows to exit a for loop, or a list comprehension, or a generator expression, or any other iterative context. Once an iterator raises StopIteration it will always raise it – if you want to iterate again, you need a new one. In ..-syntax, it always iterates over the keys (the values are accessible using dictionarykey).

In Python 3.x, iteritems() was replaced with simply items(), which returns a set-like view backed by the dict, like iteritems() but even better. As it should be clear from the other answers, this semantically refers to the type-hint for the return type of the function. However, there are some fun (esoteric) facts that can be derived from this grammar statement. This means the type of result the function returns, but it can be None. For it to effectively describe that function f returns an object of type int.

This makes all names from the module available in the local namespace. First of all, let me explain exactly what the basic import statements do. Many people have already explained about import vs from, so I want to try to explain a bit more under the hood, where the actual difference lies. In the above case ‘keys’ is just not a variable, its a function.

You can use assert to verify a condition is being fulfilled. This will print «program exited» to standard error before closing the program. To explain – the sys.exc_info() returns the type, value, and traceback. To catch it, you’ll have to catch all other more specific exceptions that subclass it. For adding a single key, the accepted answer has less computational overhead.

The raise statement without any arguments re-raises the last exception. In all modern versions, this will actually raise a TypeError, because you’re not raising a BaseException type. If you’re not checking for the right exception and don’t have a reviewer that’s aware of the issue, it could get into production. Or, in other words, after you’ve run this statement, you can simplyuse a plain (unqualified) name to refer to things defined in module X.But X itself is not defined, so X.name doesn’t work.

Wskazuje, że informacje o instrumentach finansowych oraz związanych z nimi ryzykach podawane są również przez emitentów na ich stronach internetowych, w szczególności w prospektach emisyjnych, memorandach informacyjnych oraz warunkach obrotu. Informacje te dostępne są również w specjalistycznych serwisach informacyjnych.DM BOŚ S.A. Prowadzi działalność na podstawie zezwolenia Komisji Papierów Wartościowych i Giełd. Podlega nadzorowi Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego. Informujemy, że rozmowy z naszymi pracownikami są nagrywane w zakresie określonym w obowiązujących przepisach prawa. Wszelkie informacje na niniejszej stronie w tym informacje o produktach inwestycyjnych nie są kierowane do osób mających miejsce zamieszkania lub pobytu w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki, Australii, Kanadzie lub Japonii, ani w dowolnej Paul Tudor Jones – Znani handlowcy innej jurysdykcji, w której taki materiał byłby sprzeczny z prawem lub w których zgodne z prawem nabycie produktów inwestycyjnych nie jest możliwe lub w której nie jest możliwe złożenie oferty.

• Nie gwarantuje osiągnięcia określonego wyniku oraz nie ponosi żadnej odpowiedzialności za decyzje inwestora podjęte w oparciu o informacje zamieszczone powyżej, w tym za jakiekolwiek szkody będące rezultatem wykorzystania tych informacji.
• W przypadku instrumentów finansowych notowanych w innej walucie niż polski złoty, ewentualne zyski mogą ulec zwiększeniu lub zmniejszeniu wskutek zmian kursu walutowego.
• Informacje zamieszczone powyżej nie stanowią oferty (w rozumieniu ustawy z dnia 23 kwietnia 1964 r. Kodeks cywilny) sprzedaży lub kupna instrumentów finansowych ani też nie stanowią porady inwestycyjnej lub doradztwa inwestycyjnego, nie są też wskazaniem, iż jakakolwiek inwestycja lub strategia jest odpowiednia w indywidualnej sytuacji inwestora.
• Prowadzi działalność na podstawie zezwolenia Komisji Papierów Wartościowych i Giełd.

Smyk Holding rezygnuje z oferty publicznej

Informacje te nie są materiałem mającym charakter zindywidualizowany i nie stanowią rekomendacji sugerującej określone zachowania inwestycyjne oraz zobowiązania, że klient osiągnie zysk lub zmniejszy swoje straty. Nie gwarantuje osiągnięcia określonego wyniku oraz nie ponosi żadnej odpowiedzialności za decyzje inwestora podjęte w oparciu o informacje zamieszczone powyżej, w tym za jakiekolwiek szkody będące rezultatem wykorzystania tych informacji. Informacje zamieszczone powyżej nie stanowią oferty (w rozumieniu ustawy z dnia 23 kwietnia 1964 r. Kodeks cywilny) sprzedaży lub kupna instrumentów finansowych ani też nie stanowią porady inwestycyjnej lub doradztwa inwestycyjnego, nie są też wskazaniem, iż jakakolwiek inwestycja lub strategia jest odpowiednia w indywidualnej sytuacji inwestora. W przypadku instrumentów finansowych notowanych w innej walucie niż polski złoty, ewentualne zyski mogą ulec zwiększeniu lub zmniejszeniu wskutek zmian kursu walutowego. Więcej informacji o instrumentach finansowych i ryzyku z nimi związanym znajduje się w części «Ogólny Trade12 Forex Broker-przegląd i informacje Trade12 opis istoty instrumentów finansowych oraz ryzyka związanego z inwestowaniem w instrumenty finansowe» Materiałów informacyjnych MiFID.

TV dla inwestora

• Inwestycje w instrumenty finansowe obarczone są ryzykiem inwestycyjnym.
• Podlega nadzorowi Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego.
• Pamiętaj, że możesz ponieść stratę.
• Informujemy, że rozmowy z naszymi pracownikami są nagrywane w zakresie określonym w obowiązujących przepisach prawa.
• Informacje te dostępne są również w specjalistycznych serwisach informacyjnych.DM BOŚ S.A.
• Informacje te nie są materiałem mającym charakter zindywidualizowany i nie stanowią rekomendacji sugerującej określone zachowania inwestycyjne oraz zobowiązania, że klient osiągnie zysk lub zmniejszy swoje straty.

Prawa obowiązujące w danej jurysdykcji określają, czy jest możliwe nabycie poszczególnych produktów inwestycyjnych w danej jurysdykcji. Użytkownik może korzystać z notowań prezentowanych w serwisie bossa.pl wyłącznie dla własnych wewnętrznych potrzeb informacyjnych niezwiązanych bezpośrednio z prowadzoną działalnością gospodarczą lub zawodową, bez prawa ich rozpowszechniania w jakiejkolwiek formie w całości lub w części.

Oferty w DM BOŚ

Inwestycje w instrumenty finansowe obarczone są ryzykiem inwestycyjnym. Pamiętaj, że możesz ponieść stratę. Stopień ryzyka zależy od rodzaju i klasy instrumentów finansowych będących przedmiotem inwestycji Klienta.Informacje zamieszczone powyżej mają charakter reklamowy i Ed Seikota Multi-Faceted przedsiębiorcy promocyjny.

And it’s also better insulated with its capital light business model. The stock boasts consistent EPS growth over the past five years and is projected to continue positive EPS Forex stoploss growth. Basically, the idea is to stay informed, not to panic at the slightest fluctuation and to understand the factors that influence the gold price. In short, investing in gold remains a simple process, but one that must be approached with a minimum of seriousness. It’s an excellent way to secure part of your savings, provided you choose your timing and purchasing partner wisely. Investing in gold can be very reassuring, especially during uncertain times.

When should you buy gold stocks?

Gold, on the other hand, is often seen as a hedge against inflation. It’s not a 100% guarantee, but it’s a inspired observed over the long term. Basically, if the cost of living increases, your gold increases in value, which partially compensates for the loss of purchasing power of your currency. From your brokerage account, choose the stock you want to buy, the price at which you want to purchase it and how many shares of the stock you wish to own. Once you have decided on these factors, you can purchase the stock. Gold mining is the practice of extracting gold ore from the earth and processing it into gold bullion.

CFDs across Foreign Exchange, Metals, Commodity and Stock markets around the globe

In ancient civilizations, gold was mainly used for the adornment of the powerful and for religious ceremonies. The Lydian kings were among the first to mint coins, with coins decorated with lion heads, as early as the 8th century BC. Statistics or past performance is not a guarantee of the future performance of the particular product you are considering. The Gold industry has a total of 50 stocks, with a combined market cap of $535.07 billion, total revenue of $99.65 billion and a weighted average PE ratio of 21.40. But you’ll need to examine your own investing approach and risk tolerance before deciding which is the best gold stock for you.

• The use of gold dates back to the Chalcolithic period, marking the end of prehistory.
• It is considered a safe asset, which retains its value even when the world around it is unstable.
• We’ll also examine the key factors that influence its price and how investors can go about buying gold.
• But instead of temperature and sunlight, it’s different elements that make the price of this precious metal rise or fall.
• This downward trend in gold is generally the result of strong sales of gold by large investors in anticipation of announcements from major global organizations such as the FED, for example.

GLD’s structure as an ETF allows for flexibility in trading. Investors can purchase shares during regular trading hours, and they can sell them when they need liquidity. Additionally, GLD provides options for margin trading, allowing sophisticated traders to use leverage.

Is The Precious Metals Pullback Over? (Technical Analysis)

Understanding the factors that drive the price of gold, including inflation, interest rates, and geopolitical risks, is critical for making informed investment decisions. Whether used as a hedge, a speculative investment, or a portfolio diversifier, gold remains a valuable asset for investors looking to navigate an ever-changing financial landscape. Through the NYSE, accessing this age-old commodity has never been easier or more efficient. About A-Mark Precious MetalsA-Mark Precious Metals builds on gold’s storied history and heritage to define the future of alternative asset management. Founded in 1965, A-Mark offers a comprehensive solution for all aspects of the precious metals and collectibles value chain.

Company

Over the centuries, gold has evolved from a mere ornament to a pillar of monetary policy. In the 17th century, under Louis XIII, the Louis d’Or coin became an international symbol of safe haven investment. The search for gold even motivated the conquest of the American continent, enriching Spain and Portugal before benefiting other European nations. In the 19th century, the California Gold Rush contributed to the population and economic growth of many cities. Gold served as the exclusive monetary standard, but this system ended with the First World War. Like any commodity, gold prices are influenced by supply and demand dynamics.

• It’s an excellent way to secure part of your savings, provided you choose your timing and purchasing partner wisely.
• With the Altimeter ranking, stocks are assigned letter grades A through F based on an accounting analysis that combs through company financial statements.
• Monetary Policy plays an important role in the price of gold.
• London, New York, Zurich, and Hong Kong are often referred to as the major centers.
• When interest rates are low, the opportunity cost of holding non-yielding assets like gold decreases, making it more attractive to investors.
• In the modern era, gold continues to play a critical role in financial markets.

Gold ETF Flows: October 2025

Some may have higher fees or track gold slightly differently. For those looking to invest in gold, ETFs offer a practical solution. In addition to the fixing, there is a real-time gold price, expressed in ounces of gold (approximately 31,1 grams) and in US dollars. This price is available 24 hours a day, from Sunday evening to Friday evening.

At Forbes Advisor, we go beyond listing the year’s top-performing stocks. Past returns don’t always tell the full story and guarantee future performance. For that reason, we consult investment research-based systems to help identify and exclude stocks that may carry higher risks. As a gold streamer, RGLD has reduced exposure to operational and geopolitical risks.

So, gold has always been a value… how to say… machineIts price has experienced some pretty crazy ups and downs over the decades. After the end of the gold standard in 1971, the price began to skyrocket. In the 70s, with the oil shocks, we saw an initial surge, briefly reaching $800 an ounce.

As inflation rises, demand for gold often increases, driving its price higher. Every investment has advantages and disadvantages—gold stocks are no different. Gold mining stocks have performed well in the past 12 months. This is evidenced by the performance of the VanEck Gold Miners ETF (GDX), which is up more than 80% over the past year. B-ranked stocks represent above-average financials, while A-ranked stocks are estimated to have market beating potential. Traded on regulated exchanges like COMEX, gold futures are standardized contracts to buy or sell gold at a future date.

‘We don’t think it is too late to consider investing in gold,’ VanEck said

Then, it calmed down before starting to rise again in the 2000s. We are talking about large gold bars, of different sizes and weights. Their value is directly linked to their weight and the purity of the gold they contain.

Futures contracts are often used by institutional investors or traders looking to hedge other investments or speculate on future price movements of gold. The rebranding initiative is not expected to result in any management or leadership changes. There are a multitude of websites that give you real-time prices. Some specialize in precious metals, while others are more general financial news sites.

However, pure gold is a safe haven, and downward trends are generally quite short-lived. It’s difficult to make precise predictions, but several factors suggest that the price could remain high, or even continue to rise. Persistent inflation, low interest rates, and geopolitical risks are all factors that could support demand for gold.

For traders on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), gold can be traded in various forms, such as through gold mining stocks, Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs), and even futures contracts. The primary vehicle for investing in gold on the NYSE is through ETFs, which represent a way for investors to gain exposure to gold without directly owning the physical metal. The NYSE offers various ways for investors to gain exposure to gold, with the SPDR Gold Trust (GLD) being the most prominent and straightforward option. GLD allows investors to hold a share in gold bullion without the complexities of physical ownership. Additionally, investors can explore other gold-related assets such as mining stocks, alternative ETFs, and futures contracts. Beyond crises and inflation, gold also provides insurance against uncertainty in general.

Because in these times of uncertainty, investors flock to gold, considered a safe haven. The goal of purchasing any stock is to buy low and sell high. Gold is typically a “flight to quality” investment with lower correlations to the overall market. Gold mining equities tend to be subject to company-specific risks, whereas royalty companies within the gold sector perform similarly to the underlying commodity. Royal Gold separates itself from the pack because it does not extract gold itself.

For a more thorough explanation of why the two formats look the same, see JavaLatte’s answer and note that «the best» is a complement. I am not clear on the last bit of the sentence, «which one is the best». In SummaryIf anyone can point out a difference between Answer 1 and Answer 2, we might be able to unlock the mystery. Grammatically, I suppose, they may have a slightly different feel to them; I think I did the best I could works better at the end of a sentences than at the beginning, so I’m somewhat partial to Answer 1.

Hot Network Questions

Your example already shows how to use «best» as an adverb. In the context of a person, use «is» if the person is still in the role/relationship you are talking about, and «was» if they’re not in that role/relationship anymore. «Ever» means «of all time», but the exact meaning changes with the tense. When the subject and the auxiliary verb are swapped over, it’s called inversion.

• «It was the best ever» means either it was the best up to that point in time, and a better one may have happened since then, or it includes up to the present.
• Assuming that the passage in the question is about the thinking of someone who is faced with choosing a course of action to take, not evaluating the outcome of an action already taken, I would use best as an adjective.
• Your example already shows how to use «best» as an adverb.
• This is correct even if Mr. Smith is still working as a teacher, as long as the speaker’s relationship to Mr. Smith has changed.
• Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search.
• This form assumes or suggests that the purchase will happen, and approves of it.

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The reason I said that they don’t mean quite the same thing is that in my experience when someone says «I did the best I could», what they mean but aren’t saying explicitly is «I did the best I could in the circumstances». For example, in preparing dinner I did the best I could with the ingredients available in the refrigerator, but if I’d had time to go to the supermarket I could have bought more ingredients to cook something much nicer. Or in running a race I did the best I could given that I had the flu, but usually I’m a better runner than that. I will explain what I was thinking, though in preparing this answer I may have talked myself into accepting that What Is the S&P 500 there is no difference in meaning. Best here is used as an adverb as it provides the description of the experience of watching sport (verb) «at the place where the match is unfolding.». Watching sports is a very social pastime and Watching sports is best experienced at the place where the match is unfolding.

I could even see myself exchanging these terms with their meanings in certain circumstances, so clearly they’re not mutually exclusive. I accept that not everyone will see any difference between the two. As I said at the beginning of my answer, I’m not sure that I see a difference anymore either. The two phrases do feel slightly different to me, but I can’t explain that any better than what I’ve already said.

Here, we have the adjective best, but this adjective is attached to no noun.

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This should be one of the 3B variants (3B1, 3B2, or 3B3). This form assumes or suggests that the purchase will happen, and approves of it. 3 «It’s best (if) he (not) buy it tomorrow.» is not a subjunctive form, and some options do not work well. I experience, I am experiencing, I have experienced it, I have experienced it best. Use «is the best ever» if the thing is currently happening, or ongoing.

It just says that I did my best with no reference to anything that may have affected my performance. So it could be the best I could in the given context or just my absolute best. I rarely see any of the four variations mentioned in the original post. One could argue that they are more appropriate than «Sincerely yours». Any of them would be a refreshing change from reading yet another American form letter.

Answers 7

So, «It is the best ever» means it’s the best of all time, up to the present. «It was the best ever» means either it was the best up to that point in time, and a better one may have happened since then, or it includes up to the present. In an answer on englishforums.com it says that both are exactly the same. In the Young Cook of Britain competition, the finalists were asked which famous person they would like to cook for. Your original is correct as-is, except you need to remove the question mark at the end because it’s not a question.

Answer 1

Stack Exchange network consists of 183 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. I hope we can both agree this sentence is wrong because «good» is an adjective, and cannot be the subject of «is». A question word can function as subject, object, complement or adverbial. In your example «experienced» is the verb that is receiving best. It may be confusing because sometimes, «experienced» is also used as an adjective (meaning expert) (link).

• So it could be the best I could in the given context or just my absolute best.
• When I see a colleague of mine writing such a phrase, I usually point out that it is a kind of old-fashioned affected valediction which, probably, nowadays, a native English speaker wouldn’t write.
• For example, in preparing dinner I did the best I could with the ingredients available in the refrigerator, but if I’d had time to go to the supermarket I could have bought more ingredients to cook something much nicer.
• The issue is I thought that with the superlative form of an adverb we should use the article «the» («the most» or «the best», e.g.).

Answers 3

Watching sports is a very social pastime and best experienced at the place where the match is unfolding. Assuming that the passage in the question is about the thinking of someone who is faced with choosing a course of action to take, not evaluating the outcome of an action already taken, I would use best as an adjective. In your example «experienced» is the past tense of the verb to experience, not describing someone as having experience of something. So «best experienced» means the best way to experience something. This implies that Mr. Smith is no longer the speaker’s teacher. This is correct even if Mr. Smith is still working as a teacher, as long as the speaker’s relationship to Mr. Smith has changed.

Both phrases talk about putting the utmost effort into some endeavor, be it a sculpture, a race, a homework assignment, or some other task. When I hear I did the best I could I think the speaker might be implying that he could have done better but therewas something external (something that wasn’t up to him) that affected his performance. So he did the best he could but maybe he could have done better if he was given better tools (i.e. I did the best I could with the given tools which is not my absolute best). Another example would be «I did the best I could under those specific conditions and circumstances». I usually write «Sincerely,» or «Sincerely yours,» to friends, colleagues, and business acquaintances. When I see a colleague of mine writing such a phrase, I usually point out that it is a kind of old-fashioned affected valediction which, probably, nowadays, a native English speaker wouldn’t write.

The word «best» is an adjective, and adjectives do not take articles by themselves. Because the noun car is modified by the superlative adjective best, and because this makes the noun car definite in this context, we use the. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Despite my personal impression of these phrases, I could see someone using either phrase to express either meaning.

When comparing the ruble to other major currencies, such as the US dollar, euro, and Japanese yen, the ruble is generally considered a higher-risk currency. This is due to Russia’s reliance on oil exports, political instability, and economic sanctions. Travelers often ask whether it’s necessary to exchange your local currency to Russian Ruble in your home country prior to the trip. Since it’s not always possible to do that, we can reassure you that it’s not a problem to exchange money on the spot. Keep in mind though that rates in airports aren’t usually good, so it makes sense to exchange your cash somewhere in the city (in a local bank or currency exchange office). The USD is the most widely used in international transactions, as well as the one considered to be the safest store of value.

US Dollar ~ 61 Russian Roubles

Use our currency converter to see how much your money is worth in Russian ruble and familiarise yourself with the mid-market rate before your trip. When you’re buying currency for Russia, look out for the currency code RUB. And once you’re in Russia, you’ll see the symbol ₽ used to show prices.

Learn more about the history and usage of the ruble as a currency. Khudyakov’s request to change the design was met with no success, and the banknote remains unchanged. The Russian Ruble has a rich history dating back to the 13th century during the medieval Russian period. It was one of the world’s oldest currencies, and its name comes from the verb «rubit», meaning «to chop», referencing the way people would chop up a larger currency to make smaller coins. The Russian ruble is made up of 100 kopeks, and it’s the second-oldest currency still in circulation, behind the British pound. The introduction of paper Rubles came in the 18th century under Catherine the Great, marking a significant shift in the monetary system.

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The ruble was initially a unit of weight, and its value was based on the weight of silver coins, with one account ruble consisting of 100 Novgorod or 200 Moscow dengi. The weight of a denga silver coin was unstable and inflating, but by 1535, one Novgorod denga weighed 0.68g (0.022ozt). The ruble was set to 4 zolotnik 21 dolya of pure silver or 27 dolya of pure gold in the late 18th century.

• There is a continuous discussion on if the international role of the USD is becoming less important over time.
• Consider using a combination of cash (Rubles) and credit/debit cards issued by Russian banks if you are residing in Russia or doing business there.
• The coins are 27mm in diameter and are made out of cupronickel with a brass ring around the edge.
• Understanding the nuances of the Ruble is essential for businesses and individuals engaged in transactions with Russia.

Explore the impact of strong currency vs weak currency on global economies, understanding trade balance, inflation, and economic growth. This design choice sparked a heated debate and led to the Bank of Russia announcing that the design would be revised. The controversy surrounding the 100 ₽ note is just one example of how banknote designs can be scrutinized and criticized. It’s a reminder that even the smallest details can have a significant impact on our perceptions and values. Khudyakov’s request to change the design of the banknote was forwarded to the Governor of the Bank of Russia, Elvira Nabiullina, but his efforts were unsuccessful. In 1961, new State Treasury notes were introduced for 1, 3, and 5 rubles, along with new State Bank notes worth 10, 25, 50, and 100 rubles.

FAQ 5: How has the conflict in Ukraine impacted the Ruble?

It is theorised that kopeck is the diminutive form of the Russian word for a ‘spear’ (‘kopyo’) as the first kopeck coins contained the image of a spear. The ruble has hit its strongest level in more than two months, pushed higher by investor confidence, renewed appetite for risk, and a partial recovery in worldwide oil prices. For example, if 1 liter of milk costs about 33 rubles in 2013 (equal to 1 dollar in 2013), today its price is about 68 rubles. Another tip is to have at least 50% of your total money in cash since in rural areas, debit and credit cards aren’t accepted. The 1992 issue of notes was notable for bearing the name of the USSR before the Russian Federation introduced 5,000 and 10,000-ruble notes.

• For starters, the official currency of Russia is the Russian Rubles.
• The Central Bank of Russia actively works to stabilize the currency, but external factors often play a dominant role.
• The other side depicts the beautiful Beheading of St John the Baptist Church in Tolchkov.

The Ruble isn’t just legal tender in Russia; it’s a symbol of the nation’s economic sovereignty. But understanding its value, its fluctuations, and its future requires a closer look. While you might not see many kopek coins in circulation these days due to their low value, they still exist as a fractional unit of the currency. When you’re in Russia you’ll see the symbol ₽ written down in shops and on menus, and the currency code RUB used in exchange offices. The Wise Russian ruble travel money card lets you top up in your Forex stoploss local currency, and switch to ruble to spend when you’re in Russia.

A Brief History of Russian Currency

The Ruble’s value has fluctuated wildly since the start of the conflict, making it a volatile currency. Understanding the nuances of the Ruble is essential for businesses and individuals engaged in transactions with Russia. Monitoring the factors that influence its value can help in making informed financial decisions and mitigating potential risks. On the front is a depiction of the statue of the man and chariot which stands on top of the Bolshoi Theatre. Since the introduction of the RUB 10 coin, the RUB 10 banknote is also becoming rarer but you will still probably see one on your trip.

RUR banknotes are a fascinating topic, and I’m excited to share some interesting facts with you. The Russian ruble has undergone many changes over the years, but the current denominations are a far cry from the early issues. The Russian Orthodox Church also weighed in on the controversy, criticizing the design of the 1,000 ₽ note unveiled in 2023. The Soviet ruble had a specific ISO 4217 code, SUR, which helped identify it internationally. The currency remained the sole currency of the Soviet Union until its dissolution. The Soviet Union had its own currency, the Soviet ruble, which was introduced in 1922 and remained in use until the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991.

Wise Business

In many countries, it is used as legal tender alongside the local currency. Although it was originally backed by precious metal, the dollar was delinked from gold and is now an entirely fiat currency. While the ruble is the official currency of Russia, some establishments may accept US dollars or euros as payment, particularly in tourist areas. However, it is advisable to use rubles whenever possible, as the exchange rate offered for foreign currency may not be favorable. Consider using a combination of cash (Rubles) and credit/debit cards issued by Russian banks if you are residing in Russia or doing business there. While foreign cards have limited functionality, cash remains widely accepted.

Mir cards, a Russian payment system, are accepted in some countries. The ruble’s value is influenced by a range of factors, including economic data such as inflation, interest rates, and GDP growth, geopolitical events, and market sentiment. Traders and investors closely monitor these factors to anticipate shifts in the ruble’s value. Individuals can buy and sell rubles through various channels, such as banks, exchange offices, and online brokers. The process of buying and selling rubles is similar to other currencies and involves quoting an exchange rate and executing a trade.

And that something is called ’trust in the economy.’ The Russian economy could (and should) have diversified years ago. However, studies show the dollar remains strong due to the U.S. economy’s stability, the dollar’s widespread use, and commodity pricing in USD. The U.S. dollar is a benchmark and the most used currency in global transactions.

Over the centuries, the currency has experienced multiple changes, including currency reforms, devaluations, and even a period of hyperinflation in the 1990s. During the Soviet era, the Soviet ruble was the official currency, which was replaced by the Russian ruble after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. There is a continuous discussion on if the international role of the USD is becoming less important over time.

The History of the Ruble: A Journey Through Time

However, having some cash is a must if you’re headed into the countryside. On its front it has an image of the monument of the personification of the River Neva (note the statue has six toes!) and the Ss Peter and Paul’s Fortress can be seen in the background. As the world’s reserve currency, the dollar is also a major medium for international transactions. Nearly 90% of forex transactions are made in USD, and many countries and companies use dollar-denominated bonds as a safe investment. The U.S. dollar’s influence created the USDX, a weighted index against the euro, yen, pound, franc, krona, and Canadian dollar. Furthermore, the U.S. dollar is the official currency of many U.S. territories, including Puerto Rico, Guam, and the U.S.

Before traveling to Russia it is handy to know a few things about the country including national currency and money in general. For starters, the official currency of Russia is the Russian Rubles. Plus debit cards are accepted in most places, including shops, hotels, and restaurants. The first greenbacks were issued as demand notes to finance the 1861 Civil War against the Confederacy.

The dollar was devalued in terms of its gold content and only allowed to be done so for international transactions. By the 1960s, this partial gold standard became difficult to maintain. In the past, the Russian Assignation Bank issued banknotes in denominations of 25, 50, 75, and 100 rubles in 1769, with 5 and 10 rubles added in 1787 and 200 rubles in 1819. Significant revaluations took place in 1998 to combat hyperinflation, dropping three zeros from the currency (1 new ruble equaled 1000 old rubles). Today, the Central Bank of Russia (Bank of Russia) is responsible for issuing and managing the Ruble, striving to maintain its stability and purchasing power. The exchange rate went up to 80 rubles per 1 US dollar in 2016, but it has been dropping during the last months.

It is represented by the symbol $ or US$ to differentiate it from other dollar-based currencies. Additionally, there are many online resources and guidebooks available that provide information on managing finances in Russia. This equivalence is a fundamental aspect of the currency systems of Russia and Ukraine. The Ruble is issued by the Central Bank of Russia, which is responsible for managing the country’s monetary policy. While it may be possible to use US dollars or Euros in some limited situations, such as in tourist-oriented establishments or for informal transactions, it is not legal tender.

With growing popularity and bullish sentiment, it could be a good investment to consider. Bonk was initially airdropped to selected Solana wallets on December 25, 2022, quickly gaining traction across the network. Now the most widely held dog-themed token on Solana, Bonk has captured the interest of Web3 investors, evolving into a true community-driven meme coin. Since early 2023, its adoption has grown at an impressive rate, establishing it as a unique digital asset embraced by Solana’s rapidly expanding ecosystem. Bonk (BONK) is one of the most widely-traded meme coins in the Solana ecosystem. As an SPL (Solana Program Library) token, it can be used across many SOL DeFi applications, for purposes like trading, swapping, and tipping.

What is The Best Wallet to Buy Bonk?

Binance and KuCoin provide low trading fees; Revolut has higher fees but provides convenience because it integrates banking and crypto services. MoonPay works with leading non-custodial Solana wallets like Ledger, Phantom, and Trust Wallet. Don’t worry, MoonPay will set up a Solana Account automatically for you at checkout if it’s your first purchase. And if you’re coming to MoonPay through your existing wallet, we’ll pre-fill your wallet address automatically. The strength and engagement of Bonk’s community directly correlates with its long-term success potential. Start with small test transactions on new exchanges or wallets.

• After purchasing USDT, you can exchange it for Bonk tokens on supported trading platforms.
• Upload a valid government-issued ID, such as a passport or driver’s licence, to complete this process.
• Next of all, consider the market sentiment when thinking about BONK.
• I’ll walk you through it, regardless if you’re stepping into the crypto world for the first time or are already familiar with it.
• MoonPay believes in self-custody and decentralization, and our ISO certification means that we implement security measures to protect users’ transactions.

Massive Price Surge

Kraken is a well-established centralised cryptocurrency exchange known for its strong security measures and regulatory compliance. It offers spot, margin, and futures trading, catering to both retail and institutional traders. The platform features advanced trading tools, high liquidity, and industry-leading security protocols, including proof-of-reserves audits. Kraken supports multiple fiat payment options, ensuring seamless deposits and withdrawals. Its intuitive interface and comprehensive API solutions make it a preferred choice for traders seeking a reliable and efficient trading experience.

Get Your First BONK (BONK) with KuCoin

It all started with a massive airdrop to the Solana community in December 2022, quickly catching the attention of crypto enthusiasts. Phantom is a pretty decent choice, especially if you enjoy managing your crypto assets directly. A crypto wallet defines the rules for accessing digital assets through a blockchain transaction1, setting these rules in smart contracts. If you’re thinking about how to buy BONK Solana, Binance is a great place to start.

How to Buy BONK on Phantom

I used Fedwire for this example, but you can also use «ACH Plaid» for US banks or «Bank Frick» How to buy bonk for international deposits via SWIFT. After deciding which method you prefer, simply provide your bank details and unique reference code. For this example, I’ll explain how to buy BONK Solana with your debit/credit card. Look for exchanges with two-factor authentication (2FA), cold storage space for funds, and insurance policies. Platforms like Kraken and Coinbase are particularly stringent about security.

Buy BONK (BONK) on KuCoin in Four Simple Steps

• Our news coverage spans the whole crypto-sphere so you’ll always stay up to date — be it on cryptocurrencies, NFTs, ICOs, Fintech, or Blockchain.
• Rewards will be provided to users who inform us of the above.
• Reward amounts will be determined based on the type and relevance of the information provided.
• Choose the payment method that suits you best and confirm your transaction to add Bonk to your portfolio.
• Bonk (BONK) is one of the most widely-traded meme coins in the Solana ecosystem.
• Kraken offers a wide range of trading pairs for BONK, including USD, EUR, ETH, USDT, GBP, and CAD.

The token is now listed on major exchanges like Binance, Bybit, and KuCoin. Bonk’s tokenomics focus on sustainability and community engagement. The token launched with 100 trillion tokens, half airdropped to the Solana community.

How to Buy BONK on Kraken

With a user-friendly interface and institutional-grade features, Bitfinex remains a top choice for experienced crypto traders. The Bonk coin is a meme cryptocurrency on the Solana blockchain. It gained popularity through a large airdrop to the Solana community in December 2022. Bonk stands out with its community-driven approach and decentralized governance via the Bonk DAO. This token is known for its vibrant meme culture and fast, low-cost transactions. Major platforms like Binance and Coinbase support trading Bonk, highlighting its growing acceptance into the broader crypto market.

Coinbase, known for its high security and simplicity, is a top choice for anyone looking to buy BONK and for many crypto enthusiasts worldwide. So, let’s dive into the details and get you started on how to buy the Bonk coin. Main score based on expert evaluations & real user reviews.

To help you buy BONK safely, this guide provides a step-by-step overview of how to invest in Bonk coin and the best exchanges to buy BONK from. Cryptsy.com delivers timely cryptocurrency news and analysis since 2017. Our experienced team covers market movements, blockchain developments, and emerging trends with rigorous editorial standards and factual accuracy. Trust Cryptsy.com for reliable insights in the world of digital assets. It shows that community engagement can create real value. Its rapid adoption proves meme coins can be more than speculative assets.

This Solana-native token has created a distinctive position in the cryptocurrency market. Bonk Coin’s explosive 500% growth in 24 hours put it on the crypto map. As the first dog-themed Solana meme token, Bonk caught traders’ eyes seeking new meme coin opportunities.

These platforms support purchases using US Dollars, making the process simple and accessible for beginners and experienced traders alike. Choosing a well-known exchange ensures security, reliability, and a smooth buying experience. OKX is a global centralised cryptocurrency exchange offering a comprehensive suite of trading services.

«Not your keys, not your coins» is a widely recognized rule in the crypto community. If security is your top concern, you can withdraw your BONK (BONK) to a non-custodial wallet. Storing BONK (BONK) in a non-custodial or self-custodial wallet grants you complete control over your private keys. You can use any type of wallet, including hardware wallets, Web3 wallets, or paper wallets. Note that this option may be less convenient if you wish to trade your BONK (BONK) frequently or put your assets to work.

Kappa is a global Twitch emote, so it works automatically in every channel. The Kappa emote is one of the most popular Twitch emotes in existence, but it is kind of an odd one. It is more used to designate tone rather than express a specific thought. Luci is a novelist, freelance writer, and active blogger.

The photo was added as a hidden global emote and quickly spread throughout the Twitch community. The term originally began as a Twitch emote that was an image of Josh DeSeno’s face, who is now a former Justin.tv staff member. It has since taken off as a trolling meme much to the chagrin of many gamers. If a sentence ends with «Kappa,» it should not be taken seriously. And of course, always be respectful and considerate in your conversations.

Golden Kappa Emote

It’s a fun tidbit that adds another layer to the emote’s rich history. Kappa is widely used on Twitch in chats to signal you are being sarcastic or ironic, are trolling, or otherwise playing around with someone. It is usually typed at the end of a string of text, but, as can often the case on Twitch, it is also often used on its own or repeatedly (to spam someone). Since then, the Kappa emote has grown in popularity and, in a sense, has become the face of Twitch.

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• Released in December 2015, this emote is generally used as a substitute for Kappa during the holiday season.
• To explore more emotes like this one, check out our Twitch Emote Meaning Guide.
• The photo was added as a hidden global emote and quickly spread throughout the Twitch community.
• It is more used to designate tone rather than express a specific thought.
• If you wish to see pepeJAM in your Twitch chat, you’ll need to download the BTTV extension for your browser.

Kappa the monochrome face received popularity for being synonymous with either sarcasm or trolling and they kept the emote after he left. Well, in the viral content age, it’s difficult to truly know why something flourishes. DeSeno’s face, taken from his photo ID, embodies the troll and trash-talking culture of the internet, especially when it comes to the world of online gaming. The site gradually expanded and become a bigger platform for streaming. There were various live streamers on the site, doing different things. Twitch began as the gaming side of the website, which was spun off into its own thing.

Miata Borders Substitute Teacher TikTok Video Controversy

• Like Press F to Pay Respect or Jebaited, this is a meme that hasn’t completely spun out its original context and become something multipurpose.
• It’s a fun tidbit that adds another layer to the emote’s rich history.
• Still, there’s a good chance you don’t know what it means.
• As you expect, the emoticon is usually used in Dota 2 live streams and peaks during the Dota 2’s The International.
• Each variant carries its unique nuance and context, enriching the Twitch experience.

DeSeno was no exception, and created an emote based on a grayscaled version of his face from his employee ID. Kappa is a global Twitch emote showing the face of Josh DeSeno, a former employee of Justin.tv, which later became Twitch. The grayscale image and subtle smirk have turned the emote into a universal symbol of sarcasm and playful trolling. Kappa is one of the oldest and most iconic Twitch emotes.

Kappa definition by Slang.net – The Slang Dictionary

If you wish to see Clap in your Twitch chat, you’ll need to download the BTTV extension for your browser. If you wish to forex trading beginners see OMEGALUL in your Twitch chat, you’ll need to download the BTTV extension for your browser. If you wish to see MonkaS in your Twitch chat, you’ll need to download the BTTV extension for your browser. There is no way to track how ‘rare’ the Golden Kappa emote is but its definitely not very common. In 2007, Justin.tV was founded to allow anyone to stream content online.

Now that you know all about Kappa, it’s time to get out there and start spam those chatrooms. The emoticon is a mashup of the popular Kappa emote with Bob’s distinctive hair. Twitch also ran a nonstop marathon of all the episodes of “The Joy of Painting” on the bobross Twitch channel.

The website’s emotes often featured images of staff, put in as Easter eggs. Justin-Tv is barely remembered these days compared to Twitch, and John DeSuno has long since left the company. Like Press F to Pay Respect or Jebaited, this is a meme that hasn’t completely spun out its original context and become something multipurpose.

If you wish to see Pepehands in your Twitch chat, you’ll need to download the BTTV extension for your browser. Released in December 2015, this emote is generally used as a substitute for Kappa during the holiday season.

The major success of the platform was their gaming section. Still, there’s a good chance you don’t know what it means. Maybe you’re just not embedded in gaming culture, or have been too embarrassed to ask someone.

It is used well over a million times per day on the platform for a variety of reasons. The kappa emote can be used to mean quite a few different things. Variants like Kappapride can have entirely separate meanings.

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Known as a “troll” emote, Kappa is often spammed in chat when someone is sarcastic or checking to see if they have the Golden Kappa. This emote is gifted to a Twitch user for 24 hours, seemingly at random, and it’s an event every time one appears in a chatroom. The Golden Kappa is still shrouded in secrecy, but it is meant to be applauded whenever it’s seen. As Kappa grew in popularity, artists and Twitch streamers created variants of the popular emoticon.

Nobody really knows how to get Golden Kappa, apart from it being randomly awarded to people. You don’t get to keep it however, Golden Kappa comes and goes in a 24 hours cycle. This is pretty vague, so the Kappa emote’s meaning can be quite diverse depending on the context of where it is used. If you wish to see POGGERS in your Twitch chat, you’ll need to download the BTTV extension for your browser. If you wish to see catJAM in your Twitch chat, you’ll need to download the BTTV extension for your browser.

He did not, however, originate this practice; at the time, Twitch was known as Justin TV, and numerous workers had posted their faces as emotes. Kappa is one of the most legendary Twitch emotes on the internet, used by users of the platform to convey their sarcasm after their messages. The Golden Kappa is an easter egg within Twitch where at random, someone could be in the possession of a Golden Kappa emote.